Introduction
Male infertility is a complex medical condition that affects a significant proportion of couples attempting conception. Andrology plays a central role in identifying male-related factors contributing to infertility and developing appropriate management strategies.
Male infertility is not solely a reproductive issue but may indicate broader systemic or hormonal disorders.
Causes of Male Infertility
Common causes include reduced sperm concentration, impaired sperm motility, abnormal sperm morphology, hormonal imbalances, genetic abnormalities, varicocele, infections, and environmental exposures. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, chronic stress, and poor nutrition also negatively affect sperm quality.
Andrological evaluation typically involves semen analysis, erotic activity, hormonal testing, imaging studies, and genetic screening when indicated.
Management Strategies
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include lifestyle modification, medical therapy, surgical correction, or assisted reproductive techniques. Early intervention improves treatment success and reduces psychological stress.
Conclusion
Male infertility is often treatable with proper andrological assessment. Comprehensive evaluation and individualized care are essential for improving reproductive outcomes and patient confidence.